CHAI began its partnership with the Kingdom of Eswatini in 2009. Initially, we were focused on strengthening the government’s malaria elimination efforts and improving access to lifesaving HIV diagnostics and treatment. Then in 2011, CHAI, the Ministry of Health, and other partners launched the groundbreaking MaxART program to reduce new HIV infections and significantly improve diagnosis and linkage to care. The second phase of the program included a pioneering study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended ‘Test and Start’ approach, which advocates for all people living with HIV to begin antiretroviral therapy regardless of disease progression. In 2020, Eswatini became one of the first countries to achieve the ‘95-95-95’ global HIV targets, thanks to interventions such as MaxART.